As an American getting married in Thailand you will need to have a letter of affirmation to prove to the Thai government that you are single and able to get married. You will need to obtain this letter from the US Embassy or US Consulate in Thailand. Most will obtain the letter at the US Embassy in Bangkok. Always check with an attorney in Bangkok if you are not certain about the process of a marriage registration.
US Letter of Affirmation in Thailand
You can apply for your letter of affirmation at the US Embassy in Bangkok as well as at the US Consulate in Chiang Mai. Most times you can obtain the letter the same day or you may have to go back the next day. Doing this on a Friday means that you might get the letter of affirmation on the Monday.
If you had been divorced you will need to have the original documents with you as they do not have access to your documents. The same goes with the death certificate. This is the US Letter of Affirmation in Thailand for American nationals.
If you are an American then the US Embassy in Bangkok or the US Consulate in Chiang Mai can issue you a letter of Affirmation or Freedom to Marry. The letter is usually issued on the same day or you have to come back the next day. You will need an original divorce decree or death certificate for your late spouse if you are widowed. The cost is about $30 per affidavit.